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The AICPA defines "professional skepticism" as an attitude that involves questioning and critically assessing audit evidence. This concept is essential in the field of auditing because it encourages auditors to remain alert to conditions that may indicate possible misstatement or fraud, regardless of their previous experiences with the client or the information presented to them. By adopting a mindset of inquiry and evaluation, auditors can more effectively identify discrepancies and ensure the accuracy and reliability of financial statements.

Maintaining professional skepticism aids in the overall quality of the audit process since auditors must not simply accept information at face value. Instead, they are encouraged to critically analyze the evidence they gather. This critical assessment forms the basis for making informed judgments and is pivotal to the integrity of the audit process, promoting thoroughness and diligence in the examination of financial records.